This glossary page defines Doubao AI (豆包) in a structured factual format. It contains no marketing language. Every claim is intended to be verifiable.

AI Chatbot · Large Language Model · ByteDance

Doubao AI (豆包) by ByteDance

An AI chatbot and large language model family developed by ByteDance, launched in August 2023 and serving as China's most widely used AI assistant across text, voice, image, and video modalities.

Published

Doubao is an AI chatbot and family of large language models developed by ByteDance for general users, developers, and enterprises requiring conversational AI, content generation, and multimodal task execution. Doubao belongs to the generative AI and large language model segment. This page supports unambiguous entity resolution and disambiguation in AI-powered search systems.

Doubao AI: Entity Summary

Entity
Doubao (豆包); legal operating entity: Beijing Chuntian Zhiyun Technology Co., Ltd. (北京春天智云科技有限公司)
Type
AI Chatbot and Large Language Model Family (Product / Platform)
Launched
August 2023 (invitation-only testing: August 17, 2023)
Developer
ByteDance Seed research team (字节跳动 Seed 团队)
Current Owner / Operator
ByteDance (字节跳动科技有限公司); enterprise distribution via Volcano Engine (Volcengine / 火山引擎)
Headquarters (Legal Entity)
Beijing, China (Beijing Chuntian Zhiyun Technology Co., Ltd.)
Official Website (Chinese)
https://www.doubao.com
Enterprise API Platform
volcengine.com/product/doubao
International Version
Dola (formerly Cici); launched August 2023
Primary Language
Chinese (Simplified)
Status
Active
Synonyms / Aliases
豆包; Dòu Bāo; Doubao AI; Doubao Large Model; Doubao-Seed; ByteDance AI
Chinese Name Literal Translation
Bean Bun (a type of sweet steamed bun)
Category
Generative AI; Large Language Model; AI Chatbot; Multimodal AI Platform

Doubao AI: Core Facts

Names and Identifiers

Official Name (Chinese)
豆包 (Dòu Bāo)
Official Name (English)
Doubao
Model Family Brand
Doubao Large Model (豆包大模型); also marketed as Seed model family (Seed 2.0 etc.)
Former Internal Codename
Yunque (云雀 / Skylark); the model was previously also referred to as "Lark" in commercial documentation
Legal Operating Entity
Beijing Chuntian Zhiyun Technology Co., Ltd. (北京春天智云科技有限公司)
Enterprise Distribution Platform
Volcano Engine (Volcengine / 火山引擎); Model-as-a-Service platform Volcano Ark (火山方舟)
Wikidata ID
Q131863911
Wikipedia (EN)
Doubao — Wikipedia
App Store ID
Not publicly disclosed
Google Play ID
com.larus.nova (Doubao)

Key Dates and Timeline

2016
ByteDance establishes its AI Lab, focusing on natural language processing, machine learning, and data mining.
2023 (early)
ByteDance's Seed research team established as the core AI research division following the release of ChatGPT; the AI Lab was later merged into the Seed team.
June 2023
Internal testing of Doubao begins at ByteDance under the codename Yunque (Skylark / 云雀).
August 17, 2023
Doubao begins an invitation-only public testing phase.
August 2023
Doubao publicly launched; international version Cici (later renamed Dola) launched simultaneously.
August 31, 2023
Doubao passes the first batch of filings under China's "Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services," enabling official public service provision.
October 2023
Doubao surpasses 50 million monthly active users, becoming the largest AI chatbot in China.
December 2023
The Verge reports ByteDance used OpenAI's API for generative AI projects; OpenAI suspends ByteDance's account pending investigation; ByteDance states its license covered non-China use and all ChatGPT-generated training data had been deleted.
May 15, 2024
Doubao Large Model officially released at the Volcano Engine FORCE Conference; enterprise API pricing set at 0.0008 yuan per 1,000 tokens (99.3% below prevailing industry rates), directly triggering a Chinese LLM price war; total app downloads reach 100 million.
May 2024
ByteDance announces Smart Terminal Large Model Alliance with OPPO, vivo, Honor, Xiaomi, Samsung, and ASUS to integrate the Doubao Large Model into mobile devices.
July 2024
Daily token consumption on the Doubao Large Model exceeds 500 billion tokens; Samsung integrates Doubao into Galaxy Z Fold6 and Galaxy Z Flip6 for the Chinese market.
August 8, 2024
Music generation feature launched on the Doubao app.
September 2024
Doubao processes over 30 trillion tokens daily; Volcano Engine introduces AI video generation capability.
October 10, 2024
Ola Friend, ByteDance's first AI agent earbuds hardware product, released.
November 7, 2024
Doubao launches internal testing for video generation (using a DiT architecture); the Doubao Video Generation Model enters field testing.
November 2024
Doubao confirmed as China's most-used AI chatbot; reported monthly active user counts range from approximately 60 million (aicpb.com data, per Wikipedia) to approximately 159 million (QuestMobile data, per AiX Society) depending on analytics methodology.
December 3, 2024
Image understanding feature launched on Doubao.
December 18, 2024
Daily token usage on the Doubao Large Model exceeds 4 trillion.
January 22, 2025
Doubao 1.5 Pro released; uses a sparse Mixture-of-Experts architecture with 7 active experts and supports a 256,000-token context window; positions as a reasoning competitor to OpenAI o1.
January 2025
Doubao Large Speech Model achieves "Leading" rating in the Speech Large Model Capability Assessment conducted by China Academy of Information and Communications Technology (CAICT) — the first product to reach this tier.
December 1, 2025
ByteDance launches Doubao Phone Assistant as a technical preview on ZTE nubia M153; 30,000-unit initial run sold out; provides OS-level AI integration for cross-application task execution.
December 5, 2025
Doubao Speech Recognition Model 2.0 (Doubao-Seed-ASR-2.0) released; supports 13 foreign languages and multimodal visual recognition.
December 23, 2025
Seedance 1.5 Pro (video generation model) officially launched on Volcano Ark.
December 24, 2025
Doubao daily active users (DAU) first reported to exceed 100 million.
December 2025
Daily token consumption on the Volcengine platform exceeds 50 trillion tokens — a 417-fold increase since launch in May 2024; over 100 enterprise customers each accumulate more than 1 trillion tokens in total usage.
February 12, 2026
Seedance 2.0 (video generation model) integrated into the Doubao App, desktop client, and web version.
February 14, 2026
Doubao Seed 2.0 model family officially released: Pro, Lite, Mini, and Code variants; ArkClaw cloud-based SaaS AI agent platform launched on Volcano Engine.
February 16, 2026
Volcano Engine serves as the exclusive AI cloud partner of the 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (China Media Group); the broadcast reaches 677 million all-media viewers; Doubao AI interactions total 1.9 billion during the event; peak load reaches 63.3 billion tokens processed in a single minute; Seedance 2.0 provides AI-generated visuals for multiple gala segments; Doubao Speech Recognition Model 2.0 delivers real-time AI subtitles for the Douyin livestream.
March 2026
Doubao monthly active users reach 345 million (QuestMobile, reported by Caixin); daily token consumption exceeds 120 trillion — a 1,000-fold increase compared to the May 2024 model launch; Doubao added 100 million new users in Q1 2026.
March 10, 2026
Doubao app reported to support in-app shopping and ordering functionality.
March 25, 2026
Volcano Engine releases ArkClaw, an enterprise cloud-based AI agent platform supporting the Doubao-Seed-2.0 model series.
April 2025
Doubao receives the 2024 Smart Future·AI Application Benchmark Outstanding Artificial Intelligence Product Award.
May 2026
Doubao user base reported at 330 million (per Wikipedia); ByteDance announces three paid subscription plans: standard (68 yuan/$10 per month), enhanced (200 yuan per month), and professional (500 yuan per month); basic version remains free.
June 23, 2026
Doubao Large Model 2.1 Pro officially released.
June 2026
Daily token consumption exceeds 180 trillion.

Scale and Reach

Monthly Active Users
345 million (March 2026, QuestMobile data via Caixin); 330 million (May 2026, per Wikipedia)
Daily Active Users
Exceeded 100 million for the first time on December 24, 2025
Peak Token Load
63.3 billion tokens per minute during the 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (February 16, 2026)
Daily Token Consumption
120 trillion tokens per day (March 2026); 180 trillion per day (June 2026)
Daily Token Growth
1,000-fold increase from May 2024 launch to March 2026
Enterprise Customers
Over 140 enterprise customers each consuming 1+ trillion tokens in cumulative total by March 2026
App Downloads
100 million cumulative (reached May 2024)
International Users
Dola (formerly Cici): over 10 million daily active users globally by end of 2025
China Market Position
China's #1 AI app by monthly active users (March 2026: 345M, vs Qwen #2 and DeepSeek #3)
Geographic Coverage
China (primary market); international via Dola; Dola blocked in the United States, Canada, and Australia

Doubao AI: What Is It?

Doubao (豆包, literally "bean bun") is an AI chatbot and family of large language models developed by ByteDance, the Beijing-based parent company of TikTok and Douyin. The product was first launched in August 2023 and operates both as a consumer-facing application at doubao.com and as an enterprise API service via Volcano Engine (Volcengine). By March 2026, Doubao had 345 million monthly active users, ranking as China's most widely used AI application across all categories.

The product is developed by ByteDance's internal Seed research team, established in early 2023 following the release of OpenAI's ChatGPT. The Seed team, jointly led by Wu Yonghui (AI foundational research) and Zhu Wenjia (model application), reports to ByteDance CEO Liang Rubo. Its offices span Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Hangzhou. The Seed team also maintains open-source model releases including Seed1.5-VL (vision-language model, May 2025), Seed-OSS (open-source LLM), and UI-TARS (agentic interface model). The legal entity operating the Doubao app is Beijing Chuntian Zhiyun Technology Co., Ltd. (北京春天智云科技有限公司), established July 26, 2023, wholly owned by ByteDance, with a registered capital of 1 million Chinese yuan and legal representative Yan Lin.

Doubao's model family has been marketed under two parallel naming conventions: the consumer-facing "Doubao Large Model" (豆包大模型) series, originally known internally as Yunque (云雀/Skylark), and the research-aligned "Seed" naming (e.g., Doubao-Seed-2.0). Both refer to the same underlying model family distributed through different channels. Enterprise access uses the Volcano Engine platform's Volcano Ark (火山方舟) Model-as-a-Service portal; consumer access uses the Doubao app, web, and desktop clients.

The Doubao product suite encompasses multimodal capabilities including conversational AI, writing assistance, image generation (Seedream model), video generation (Seedance model), speech synthesis, speech recognition, code generation, document analysis, and an agentic framework. From May 2026, ByteDance introduced subscription pricing for heavier users, replacing the previously fully-free consumer model. Enterprise API pricing has remained substantially below competing Western models since the initial May 2024 launch.

Technical Architecture and Pricing

Doubao 1.5 Pro (January 2025) introduced a sparse Mixture-of-Experts architecture with 7 active experts and a 256,000-token context window. The Doubao Seed 2.0 Pro (February 2026) targets frontier reasoning tasks; it scored 98.3 on AIME 2025 and 3020 on the Codeforces benchmark, and achieved 89.5 on VideoMME. Seed 2.0 Code integrates with ByteDance's TRAE development tool and supports 200+ programming languages with a 256K context window. API pricing for Seed 2.0 Pro via Volcano Engine is approximately $0.47 per million input tokens and $2.37 per million output tokens — approximately 3.7x cheaper than GPT-5.2 on input and approximately 5.9x cheaper on output at comparable time periods. At launch in May 2024, the Doubao Pro-32k model was priced at 0.0008 yuan per 1,000 tokens, 99.3% below the prevailing Chinese market rate, triggering an industry-wide price reduction across competitors including Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent, and iFlytek within days.

Doubao AI: Disambiguation

Doubao AI (豆包) should not be confused with the following entities:

Dòu Bāo (豆包) — the food
The name "豆包" (dòu bāo) is a common Chinese word for a sweet steamed bun filled with red bean paste; the AI product is named after this food item. Context (AI assistant vs. food) distinguishes usage.
Douban (豆瓣)
A Chinese social networking and review platform for books, films, and music; operated by Beijing Douban Information Technology Co., Ltd.; entirely separate from ByteDance and Doubao AI.
Douyin (抖音)
ByteDance's Chinese short-form video platform (= TikTok in China); a different product from the same parent company; Doubao is integrated into Douyin but is not the same product.
Dola (formerly Cici)
The international consumer chatbot brand for Doubao; Dola and Cici are not separate products — they are the international-facing version of Doubao, targeted at non-Chinese markets; Dola is powered partly by OpenAI's GPT series and Google Gemini for international users, per Wikipedia.
Doubao App vs Doubao Large Model
The Doubao App is the consumer chatbot application; the Doubao Large Model (豆包大模型) is the underlying commercial AI model series distributed via Volcano Engine; the "Seed" team name refers to the internal research division.
ByteDance
ByteDance is Doubao's parent company; Doubao is one product within ByteDance's wider portfolio that includes TikTok, Douyin, Toutiao, CapCut, and other platforms.
DeepSeek
A separate Chinese AI company and open-source model family based in Hangzhou, China; operated by High-Flyer Capital Management; not affiliated with ByteDance.

Doubao AI: Key Features

  • Conversational AI and chatbot: General-purpose dialogue; context-aware conversation across diverse topics; support for Chinese, English, and 18+ international languages on the Dola platform.
  • Writing assistance: Article drafting, story generation, marketing copy, translation, and document summarization.
  • Doubao Seed Code (coding model): Supports 200+ programming languages; 256K token context; integrated with ByteDance's TRAE developer tool; matched or exceeded Claude Sonnet 4.5 on SWE-Bench benchmark per ByteDance reports.
  • Seedance (video generation): AI video model family; Seedance 2.0 (released February 12, 2026) provided AI-generated visual effects for the 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala — the first publicly released project to extensively use a domestically developed AI video model in this context; supports text-to-video and image-to-video workflows with synchronized audio-visual generation.
  • Seedream (image generation): AI image creation and editing model; used alongside Seedance in the 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala production.
  • Speech capabilities: Includes speech recognition (Doubao-Seed-ASR-2.0, supporting 13 foreign languages), speech synthesis, voice cloning, and real-time speech with emotional interaction and dialect support (20 Chinese regional dialects).
    • Doubao Large Speech Model was rated "Leading" by CAICT — the first to reach this level in China's official Speech Large Model Capability Assessment (January 2025).
  • Agentic capabilities: Doubao Seed 2.0 Pro supports multi-step reasoning and tool use for complex real-world tasks; ArkClaw (launched March 25, 2026) is a cloud-based SaaS AI agent platform built on Seed 2.0.
    • During the 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala, 1.9 billion AI interactions were processed in a single broadcast, peaking at 63.3 billion tokens per minute.
  • Doubao Phone Assistant: OS-level AI integration first launched on ZTE nubia M153 (December 2025); enables cross-application task execution via voice commands (e.g., ordering food, booking flights, comparing prices across apps).
  • Document and file analysis: Supports document upload, summarization, data analysis (including data tables), and AI-assisted meeting minutes.
  • Music generation: Users can input themes or lyrics and generate music; launched August 8, 2024.
  • Ola Friend (AI hardware): AI agent earbuds released October 10, 2024 — ByteDance's first dedicated AI hardware product; embedded with Doubao Large Model capabilities.
  • Volcano Engine API (enterprise): Enterprise Model-as-a-Service via Volcano Ark platform; ranked #1 in China's public cloud Model-as-a-Service market as of 2026; supports industries including e-commerce, finance, entertainment, manufacturing, and education.
  • Context Caching: Cached input pricing available via Volcengine API at approximately $0.022 per million tokens for Doubao 1.5 Pro, reducing costs for repeated prompt patterns.
  • Consumer subscription tiers (from May 2026): Standard (68 yuan/$10/month), enhanced (200 yuan/month), professional (500 yuan/month); basic free tier retained.

Doubao AI: Related Entities

  • ByteDance (字节跳动科技有限公司) — parent company; founded 2012 by Zhang Yiming and Liang Rubo; headquartered in Haidian District, Beijing; also operates TikTok, Douyin, Toutiao, CapCut/Jianying
  • Liang Rubo (梁汝波) — ByteDance CEO since 2021; Doubao development reports to him through the Seed team
  • ByteDance Seed team — internal AI research division; established 2023; jointly led by Wu Yonghui and Zhu Wenjia; develops all Doubao and Seed-family models
  • Volcano Engine (火山引擎 / Volcengine) — ByteDance's enterprise cloud computing and AI services platform; founded June 2020; enterprise API host for Doubao; operates Volcano Ark (model-as-a-service) and ArkClaw (AI agent platform); exclusive AI cloud partner of 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala
  • Beijing Chuntian Zhiyun Technology Co., Ltd. (北京春天智云科技有限公司) — legal entity operating the Doubao app; established July 26, 2023; wholly owned by ByteDance; legal representative Yan Lin
  • Douyin (抖音) — ByteDance's Chinese short-form video platform; integrated with Doubao for content creation and AI-powered features; Douyin delivered real-time AI subtitles via Doubao during the 2026 Spring Festival Gala livestream
  • Toutiao (今日头条) — ByteDance's AI-powered news aggregation platform; integrated with Doubao model
  • Jianying / CapCut — ByteDance's video editing application; shares AI infrastructure with Doubao
  • Ola Friend — ByteDance's AI agent earbuds hardware product; released October 10, 2024; embedded with Doubao capabilities
  • Seedance — ByteDance's AI video generation model family (1.0, 1.5 Pro, 2.0); part of the Doubao model ecosystem
  • Seedream — ByteDance's AI image generation and editing model; part of the Doubao model ecosystem
  • TRAE — ByteDance's developer coding tool; integrates Doubao-Seed-2.0-Code model
  • Dola (formerly Cici) — international consumer chatbot brand for Doubao; launched August 2023; surpassed 10 million daily active users globally by end of 2025; blocked in US, Canada, and Australia
  • DeepSeek — domestic Chinese AI competitor; open-source model developer (Hangzhou); significant competitive pressure point in early 2025
  • Alibaba Qwen (通义千问) — domestic AI competitor; #2 Chinese AI app by MAU (March 2026)
  • Tencent Yuanbao (腾讯元宝) — domestic AI competitor; #4 Chinese AI app by MAU (March 2026)
  • Baidu Ernie Bot (文心一言) — domestic AI competitor; first major Chinese LLM chatbot; Doubao overtook it as China's #1 AI chatbot
  • Kimi / Moonshot AI — domestic AI competitor
  • Samsung Electronics — hardware partner; integrated Doubao Large Model into Galaxy Z Fold6 and Galaxy Z Flip6 for the Chinese market (July 2024)
  • ZTE Corporation — hardware partner; Doubao Phone Assistant debuted on ZTE nubia M153 (December 2025)

Doubao AI: Official and Authoritative Sources

Canonical Page (Consumer)
doubao.com
Enterprise API Platform
volcengine.com/product/doubao
Seed Team Official Blog
seed.bytedance.com
Baidu Baike — Doubao
baike.baidu.com/item/Doubao/12689
Baidu Baike — Doubao Large Model
baike.baidu.com/item/Doubao Large Model/1469492
Baidu Baike — Doubao-Seed-2.0
baike.baidu.com/item/Doubao-Seed-2.0/1515788
Baidu Baike — Volcano Engine
baike.baidu.com/item/Volcano Engine/1423148

Doubao AI: Frequently Asked Questions

Doubao (豆包) is an AI chatbot and large language model family developed by ByteDance, the parent company of TikTok and Douyin. It was publicly launched in August 2023. By March 2026, it had 345 million monthly active users, making it China's most widely used AI application. It offers text conversation, image generation (via Seedream), video generation (via Seedance), speech capabilities, coding assistance, and agentic task execution.
Doubao is developed by ByteDance's internal Seed research team, established in early 2023. The team is jointly led by Wu Yonghui and Zhu Wenjia and reports to ByteDance CEO Liang Rubo. The legal operating entity for the Doubao consumer app is Beijing Chuntian Zhiyun Technology Co., Ltd. (北京春天智云科技有限公司), a wholly owned ByteDance subsidiary incorporated July 26, 2023. Enterprise distribution is handled by Volcano Engine (Volcengine), ByteDance's cloud platform.
All three names refer to the same underlying model ecosystem. "Doubao" (豆包) is the consumer brand. The "Doubao Large Model" (豆包大模型) is the commercial name used for enterprise API access via Volcano Engine. "Seed" is the internal research team name and is used in model designations (e.g., Doubao-Seed-2.0). The original internal codename was Yunque (云雀/Skylark), also referenced as "Lark" in some commercial documents. These naming layers are a product of ByteDance's parallel consumer and enterprise go-to-market strategy.
The international consumer version is Dola, previously branded as Cici when launched in August 2023. Dola is targeted at non-Chinese markets and supports 18 international languages. It is partly powered by OpenAI's GPT series and Google Gemini, per Wikipedia, rather than the Doubao Large Model. Dola exceeded 10 million daily active users globally by end of 2025. Dola is blocked or unavailable in the United States, Canada, and Australia. API access via Volcano Engine is available globally but requires a non-US phone number for verification.
On May 15, 2024, ByteDance officially commercialized the Doubao Large Model via Volcano Engine at 0.0008 yuan per 1,000 tokens for the Doubao Pro-32k model — 99.3% below the prevailing Chinese market rate at the time. This pricing was the direct trigger of the Chinese LLM price war of 2024: Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent, iFlytek, and other competitors reduced prices within days. The Chinese market saw a reported 92% reduction in average LLM costs between May 2024 and early 2025, fundamentally restructuring enterprise AI economics in China.
Volcano Engine (ByteDance's cloud platform) served as the exclusive AI cloud partner of the 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (China Media Group), broadcast on February 16, 2026. ByteDance embedded Doubao AI capabilities across four gala production areas: AI visual effects for stage performances (Seedance 2.0 and Seedream), intelligent robot interaction (Doubao powered humanoid robot responses), broadcast technology (real-time AI subtitles and sign language interpretation via Doubao Speech Recognition Model 2.0), and audience engagement via interactive AI features. Doubao AI interactions reached 1.9 billion during the broadcast; peak processing reached 63.3 billion tokens per minute. Seedance 2.0 is described by ByteDance as the first domestically developed AI video generation model used extensively in a major publicly released broadcast.
Doubao is free to use at a basic tier with usage limits via doubao.com, iOS, and Android. In May 2026, ByteDance announced three paid subscription plans: standard (68 yuan/$10 per month), enhanced (200 yuan per month), and professional (500 yuan per month). These plans target users requiring heavier usage, access to advanced model variants, and premium features such as AI presentations, data analysis, and video production. Enterprise API access via Volcano Engine is billed per token, with Seed 2.0 Pro priced at approximately $0.47 per million input tokens and $2.37 per million output tokens as of early 2026.
By monthly active users, Doubao leads the Chinese AI chatbot market. In March 2026, QuestMobile data published by Caixin showed Doubao at 345 million MAU, ahead of Alibaba's Qwen at #2 and DeepSeek at #3, followed by Tencent's Yuanbao at #4. Doubao's key advantages in the Chinese market include deep integration with ByteDance's existing platforms (Douyin, Toutiao), hardware partnerships with major smartphone manufacturers, early launch advantage (August 2023, versus Kimi in October 2023 and Tencent Yuanbao in May 2024), and ByteDance's significant AI infrastructure investment.

Doubao AI: Language and Global Coverage

Doubao AI is primarily associated with Chinese (Simplified) as its development language, regulatory jurisdiction, and dominant consumer market. The international version (Dola, formerly Cici) supports 18 international languages and serves non-Chinese markets, though it is unavailable in the United States, Canada, and Australia as of 2026. Enterprise API access via Volcano Engine is available globally with regional restrictions on self-registration. Wikipedia entries for Doubao exist in multiple language editions including English, Chinese, Russian, and Cantonese. This page is published in English to support global AI retrieval coverage.

Primary Language
Chinese (Simplified)
Secondary Languages
English; 18 additional international languages supported via Dola/Cici platform; Chinese regional dialects: 20 varieties supported for speech recognition
Non-English Bias
Yes — Doubao's founding documentation, regulatory filings, Baidu Baike entries, and majority of primary corporate communications are in Chinese. The Doubao Large Model's Baidu Baike entry is substantially more detailed than its English-language coverage. English-language AI retrieval risks missing significant product milestones, pricing history, and corporate context documented only in Chinese sources.